What do gravida and para mean

What is a gravida 1 para 1? What does gravida 2 and para 2 mean? What does gravida 3 para 2 mean? What does gravida para mean? What does g4 p2 mean? What does G1P1 mean? Do twins count as para 2? What does Para mean in Gtpal? What is Gravida and para in Hindi? Previous Next. A more detailed explanation of the rules and finer points courtesy of Wikipe dia : Gravida indicates the number of times the mother has been pregnant, regardless of whether these pregnancies were carried to term.

A current pregnancy, if any, is included in this count. Pregnancies consisting of multiples, such as twins or triplets, count as ONE birth for the purpose of this notation. Abortus is the number of pregnancies that were lost for any reason, including induced abortions or miscarriages. PMID: 7. Maislos M, et al. A rare complication of gestational diabetes. PMID: Diaphragmatic hernia congenital diaphragmatic hernia -CDH.

An abnormal opening in the diaphragm most often on the left side caused by failure to completely form the diaphragm. The defect allows the abdominal organs to move into the chest cavity which may prevent normal development of the lungs.

The presence of the liver in the chest generally increases the likelihood of a poor outcome. Diaphragmatic hernia occurs in one per 2, to 3, births. The most common chromosome abnormalities are trisomy 18, and trisomy The defect has also been reported in association with multiple syndromes including Fryn and Cornelia de Lange syndromes.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia may be diagnosed prenatally on ultrasound. The usual finding is a heart displaced away from the side of the hernia and the presence of the stomach in the chest at the level of the heart.

A surgical procedure in which the cervix is gradually opened with instruments called dilators and the surface of the endometrium lining of the uterus is scraped away with a curette, a sharp-edged instrument.

A twin pregnancy most commonly occurs when two separate eggs are fertilized by separate sperm to form two zygotes. Each zygote implants in the uterus individually and develops its own membranes and placenta. The two zygotes continue to develop as two separate embryos. These twins are referred to as dizygotic commonly known as fraternal twins. Down syndrome trisomy A disorder characterized by mental retardation, flat facial profile with protruding tongue, poor muscle tone, excess skin on neck, slanting eye openings slanted palpebral fissures , abnormal pelvis, and short stature.

Guide to Obstetrical Words Obstetrics deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the post-natal period. T — term births P — preterm births prior to 37 weeks gestation A — abortions L — living children Example: A woman who has 2 living children born as preterm twins in her first pregnancy would be designated as: TPAL 0 term births, 1 delivery prior to 37 weeks gestation preterm , 0 pregnancies ending in spontaneous or induced abortions, and 2 living children.

G: gravida number of pregnancies P: para number of births of viable offspring A or Ab: abortus abortions nulligravida gravida 0: no pregnancies primigravida gravida 1, G1: 1 pregnancy secundigravida gravida 2, G2: 2 pregnancies nullipara para: 0 offspring Other Obstetrical Terms Amniotic fluid : Fluid in a sac surrounding the fetus.

Cephalic delivery : Normal childbirth when the head comes first. Braxton Hicks contractions : a. Contractions felt in the abdomen after the 28th week of pregnancy. Trimester : Three calendar months.