How old is communist china

At the time, China was an impoverished country, racked by civil war. With the backing of a mostly rural population, in , the CCP succeeded in routing the nationalist government of Chiang Kai-shek, who retreated to the island of Taiwan. Historians believe as many as two million people may have lost their lives in the anarchy that engulfed the country. In the five decades since, the CCP has overseen breakneck economic growth that has lifted tens of millions of people out of poverty and transformed China into a major global power.

At years old this year, the CCP is one of the few communist parties to have maintained power into the 21st century. Many analysts say CCP is at the peak of its power on its centenary, but the party faces a new host of challenges, both at home and abroad. They include economic inequality, environmental degradation, and tensions with the United States and other developed nations over trade, politics and human rights.

The Chinese Communist Party has approximately 92 million members, which is about 6. The constitution includes many civil rights: free speech, press, worship, the right to trial, and the right to own private property. However, in practice this constitution has widely not been followed.

There has been very little done to ensure that new laws instituted follow the constitution. The judicial system does not provide any particular method for review of new laws. Computer usage in China has exploded. Currently, there are over million internet users and over million mobile phone users.

There is a huge increase of the computer users in China, and ethics of technology has become increasingly prominent over the years. In particular, privacy, censorship, public ownership, and work ethic have become series ethical issues.

Communism and Computer Ethics. And, of course, the Party itself, as you said, is dominated by Han Chinese. So an idea of an independent history for Tibet or for Xinjiang is anathema to the Party. For Xi, I think Hong Kong could be a crowning achievement. Deng Xiaoping set a framework for bringing back Macao and Hong Kong, but I think Xi Jinping will be seen as the person that really brought Hong Kong back under the fold of the mainland.

I think it also influences his attitude toward Taiwan. At some point, in some authoritarian systems, the structure of the party becomes less important than the personality of one man. We tend to focus on individuals, like Mao, Deng, and now Xi. The post of General Secretary, of course, has incredible authority and power. But if someone else is General Secretary, they would have that authority and power.

I think the Party would see the same concerns, the same fears, the same challenges, and would pursue reasonably similar policies. Maybe not with quite the same level of adulation around Xi Jinping that we see currently.

I know that during your career it has been important to you to have dialogue with people in the Communist Party, bringing some of them to Harvard for discussions and so on.

You are right that we are in a different era. But I think there are three things that are important to take into account moving forward. The first is, like it or not, American businesses are not going to stop investing and trying to sell goods in the Chinese market. A second point is that for the United States to meet many of its own objectives it has to incorporate China in some way. John Kerry going to Shanghai to talk about climate is one obvious example, despite our differences over human-rights issues.

The third is the problem of extrapolating from the present into the future. But I spent a lot of my time in rural China, and it has a lot of problems. Foreign investment is not going to keep increasing, but it will remain significant. Shigeru Miyamoto rejects violence in video games and wants to be a good boss. Mary Beard says the classics deserve neither a pedestal nor destruction.

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